Most common chlorine compounds are called chlorides, but it also forms compounds with oxygen called chlorine oxides.Ĭhlorine can be found in abundance in both the Earth's crust and in ocean water. Chlorine will react with all the other elements except the noble gases. It will dissolve in water, but will also react with water as it dissolves.
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High concentrations of chlorine gas can be fatal.Ĭhlorine is very reactive and, as a result, is not found in its free form in nature, but only in compounds with other elements. Chlorine gas is greenish yellow, has a very strong odor (it smells like bleach), and is poisonous to humans. This means that two chlorine atoms join together to form Cl 2. Under standard conditions chlorine is a gas that forms diatomic molecules. It is about the twentieth most abundant element in the Earth's crust. It has 17 electrons and 17 protons with 7 valence electrons in the outer shell. It is classified as a member of the halogen group. Discovered by: Carl Wilhelm Scheele produced the gas in 1774, but it was Sir Humphry Davy who first called it an element and named it chlorine in 1810Ĭhlorine is the second element in the seventeenth column of the periodic table.Periodic Table of Elements - Chlorine - Cl. If you need to cite this page, you can copy this text: This database focuses on the most common chemical compounds used in the home and industry. Molar mass calculations are explained and there is a JavaScript calculator to aid calculations. Molar Mass Calculations and Javascript Calculator.Introduces stoichiometry and explains the differences between molarity, molality and normality. Related ResourcesĪnswers many questions regarding the structure of atoms. Common Chemical Compounds of Chlorine ReferencesĪ list of reference sources used to compile the data provided on our periodic table of elements can be found on the main periodic table page.Additional Notes: WARNING: Chlorine gas is extremely dangerous and Chlorine should NEVER be mixed with ammonia.Uses of Chlorine: Used in water purification, bleaches and in other compounds such as chloro fluorocarbons (CFC).There are vast mining deposits in USA, Poland, Russia, Germany, China, India and Australia. World wide production is around 168,000,000 tons per year. Salt (sodium chloride, NaCl) is its most common compound.
Sources of Chlorine: Never found in free form in nature.70kg human: 95 g Who / Where / When / How Note: this data represents naturally occuring levels of elements in the typical human, it DOES NOT represent recommended daily allowances. Target Organs: Eyes, skin, respiratory system.
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Routes of Exposure: Inhalation Skin and/or eye contact.Special Hazard: Oxidizer OSHA Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL).Vapor Pressure = 1300kPa Regulatory / Health.Flammablity Class: Non-flammable gas (strong oxidizer).Enthalpy of Vaporization: 10.21 kJ/mole.Enthalpy of Atomization: 121.8 kJ/mole 25☌.Coefficient of lineal thermal expansion/K -1: N/A.Valence Electron Potential (-eV): -7.96 Physical Properties of Chlorine.Incompatibilities: Reacts explosively or forms explosive compounds with many common substances such as acetylene, ether, turpentine, ammonia, fuel gas, hydrogen & finely divided metals.Electronegativity: 3.16 (Pauling) 2.83 (Allrod Rochow).Electrochemical Equivalent: 1.3228g/amp-hr.Valence Electrons: 3s 2p 5 Electron Dot Model.Number of Neutrons (most common/stable nuclide): 18.Number of Electrons (with no charge): 17.Electrons per Energy Level: 2,8,7 Shell Model.Electron Configuration: 1s 2 2s 2p 6 3s 2p 5.Cross Section (Thermal Neutron Capture)σ a/ barns : 35.5.Swedish: Klor Atomic Structure of Chlorine.Series: Halogens Chlorine's Name in Other Languages.Common Chemical Compounds of Chlorine Overview of Chlorine.In addition technical terms are linked to their definitions and the menu contains links to related articles that are a great aid in one's studies. Common chemical compounds are also provided for many elements. Skip to site menu on this page Periodic Table of Elements Element Chlorine - ClĬomprehensive data on the chemical element Chlorine is provided on this page including scores of properties, element names in many languages, most known nuclides of Chlorine.
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